HomeMy WebLinkAbout1997-035 - Cable Communications CodeBILL NO. ~ ~~- ~j S ORDINANCE NO. 97- ~ ~ ~~
AN ORDINANCE APPROVING THE CABLE COMMUNICATIONS CODE
FOR THE CITY OF RIVERSIDE RELATING TO THE REGULATION OF
CABLE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND THE USE OF PUBLIC
PROPERTY RELATED THERETO.
WHEREAS, many barriers to entry into the Cable Communication System market have
been removed;
WHEREAS, Cable Communication Systems are expanding across the county;
WHEREAS, the City has been studying such matters;
WHEREAS, the City desires to establish a uniform code to apply to Operators of Cable
Communication Systems desiring to use Public Property;
WHEREAS, the City desires to enact the Cable Communications Code attached as
Addendum A,
NOW, THEREFORE, be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of Riverside, Missouri:
Section 1. The Cable Communications Code attached hereto as Addendum A and
incorporated herein is enacted, approved and adopted.
Section 2. This ordinance shall take effect immediately.
Passed this 18th day of March, 1997.
ATTEST:
~ L~~' AYOR
CITY CLE -
ADDENDUM A
RIVERSIDE, MISSOURI
CABLE COMMUNICATIONS CODE
ARTICLE 1. GF.NF.RAi, PROVLSIONS
1.1 Short Title.
This ordinance shall be known as the Cable Communications Code.
1.2 Scope.
The Cable Communications Code establishes the basic local regulatory scheme for all
Operators within the City, whether operating with or without a Franchise. Notwithstanding the
provisions of this chapter, the City reserves the right to manage public rights of way in
accordance with the Telecommunications Act of 1996, 47 U.S.C. Section 253, subject to
applicable law and the terms of a Franchise Agreement.
1.3 Definitions.
For the purpose of the Cable Communications Code, the following terms, phrases, words
and their derivations shall have the following meanings. When not inconsistent with the context,
words used in the present tense include the future, words in the plural number include the
singular number and words in the singular number include the plural number.
The words "shall" and "will" are mandatory and "may" is permissive. Words not defined
in the Cable Communications Code shall be given their common and ordinary meaning.
(a) Act means the Communications Act of 1934, as amended by the Cable
Communications Policy Act of 1984, Public Law Number 98-549, the Cable Television
Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992, Public Law Number 102-385, the
Telecommunications Act of 1996, Public Law Number 104-104, and any future amendments to
the Communications Act of 1934.
(b) Additional Service means any service other than Cable Service provided over a
Cable Communications System by an Operator directly or as a carrier for any other Person,
which may include by way of example but is not limited to, burglaz alarm, data or other
electronic intelligence transmission, voice transmission, facsimile reproduction and interactive
shopping service.
(c) Affiliate, when used in relation to an Operator, means another Person which
directly or indirectly owns or controls, is owned or controlled by, or is under common
ownership or common control with the Operator, or an Operator's principal partners,
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shareholders, or owners of some other ownership interest; and when used in relation to the City,
means any agency, board, authority, or political subdivision affiliated with the City or other
Person in which the City has a legal or financial interest.
(d) Basic Service means any tier of Cable Service which includes the retransmission
of local television broadcast signals, or such other definition as may be adopted by federal law.
(e) Board means the Board of Aldermen of the City, or any succeeding elected
governing board of the City.
(f) Cable Communications Code means this ordinance.
(g) Cable Communications System means any facility consisting of coaxial cable,
optical fiber, or other transmission lines or forms of transmission, and associated equipment and
devices which is used to provide Cable Service and/or Additional Service to Subscribers by
receiving, through any means, including, without limitation, coaxial cable, optical fiber, antenna,
or satellite or microwave transmission, and distributing, video, audio, voice, or data signals,
whether originating within the City or elsewhere.
(h) Cable Service means the one way-way transmission to Subscribers of video
programming or other programming services, and Subscriber interaction, if any, which is
required for the selection or use of such video programming or other programming services.
(i) Channel means a frequency band which is capable of carrying either one standard
video signal, a number of audio, digital or other nonvideo signals, or some combination of such
signals.
(j) City means the City of Riverside, Missouri and all of the temtory within its
present and future boundaries.
(k) Dominant Provider means a provider of an Additional Service with the greatest
market share with respect to that Additional Service.
(1) Drop means the cable that connects the antenna terminal on a Subscriber's radio
or television set, computer terminal, or other terminal to the nearest feeder cable of the Cable
Communications System.
(m) FCC means the Federal Communications Commission or any successor federal
government agency.
(n) Franchise means the rights and obligations extended by the City to an Operator
to own, construct, maintain and operate its System within the Public Property and boundaries
of the City.
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(o) Franchise Administrator means the City Administrator of the City or a designee
who shall receive inquiries from an Operator's Subscribers and the general public concerning
an Operator's performance, coordinate the resolution of disputes between an Operator, its
Subscribers and the general public, and act as the City contact for an Operator regarding cable
television matters within the City.
(p) Franchise Agreement means the contract between the City and an Operator under
which the City grants a Franchise to that Operator.
(q) Gross Revenues means all amounts actually received by or on behalf of an
Operator from, the operation of all or any part of its System, including, but not limited to, Basic
Service fees, Tier Service fees, Premium Service fees, Additional Service fees, payments
received from programmers or other entities for carriage of programming or other services to
Subscribers, advertising revenues as described below, and all other income derived from or by
reason of the operation and/or use of the System in the Streets. For purposes of this defmition,
an Operator shall include Affiliates. Gross Revenues do not include: receipts from any other
business endeavor for which an Operator is paying an occupational license fee or charge and
which business in no way uses the System; studio rental; production equipment rental; personnel
fees; penalties charged for late payment; sales taxes or franchise fees collected; the revenue of
any Person other than Operator, including, without limitation, a supplier of programming to an
Operator to the extent the revenue is also included in gross revenue of the Operator; or revenue
for any goods or services which are not provided over the System even if such goods and
services are advertised and/or ordered using the System. In the event an Operator receives any
revenue from disseminating advertisements or carrying programming or other services on the
System outside the City, Gross Revenues shall include an amount derived by multiplying the
revenue with respect to such advertisements, programming or other services by a fraction, the
numerator of which is the number of Subscribers in the City reached by the advertisement,
programming or other service and the denominator of which is the total number of Subscribers
reached by the advertisement, programming or other service.
(r) Operator means any Person operating a Cable Communications System.
(s) Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, proprietorship,
organization, group or other entity.
(t) Premium Service means any Cable Service delivered on aper-channel or per-
program basis.
(u) Public Property is any real property, easement, right-of-way, or other interest in
real estate, including a Street, now or hereafter owned or controlled by the City or any other
governmental unit.
(v) Resident means any individual residing in the City.
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(w) Residential Dwelling Unit means each home, house, building, or other structure
that normally accommodates the living quarters of one family, and each apartment,
condominium, or co-operative unit that normally accommodates the living quarters of one family
in any multiple-unit building or complex of multiple-unit buildings; provided, however, that if
an Operator has not obtained, pursuant to a reasonable standard access agreement utilized by an
Operator that does not require the Operator to pay any owner or association of owners for
access, the permission or authority required by any owner or association of owners to extend
its facilities to individual apartments, condominiums, and co-operative units within the interior
of such multiple-unit buildings or complexes of multiple-unit buildings, then any such muitiple-
unit building or complex of multiple- unit buildings shall be considered a single Residential
Dwelling Unit.
(x) Street means the surface of, and the space above and below, any public street,
road, highway, freeway, lane, path, public way, alley, court, sidewalk, boulevard, parkway,
drive, avenue, or bridge now or hereafter owned or controlled by the City or any other
governmental unit.
(y) Subscriber means any Person
Operator, by means of or in connection with
lawfully waived.
who subscribes to a service provided by an
its System, and pays a fee unless such fee is
(z) System means the Cable Communications System operated by an Operator in the
City.
(aa) Tier Service means any tier of Cable Service delivered over a Cable
Communications System to Subscribers other than Basic Service or Premium Service.
ARTICLE 2. FRANCHISE
2.1 Franchise Required.
No Person shall operate a Cable Communications System utilizing Streets or other Public
Property within the City without first obtaining a Franchise from the City.
2.2 Current Operators.
Any Operator operating a Cable Communications System utilizing Streets or other Public
Property in the City without a Franchise on the effective date of the Cable Communications
Code shall request issuance of a Franchise from the City within 90 days of the effective date of
the Cable Communications Code, subject to the renewal provisions of the Act and other
applicable law.
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2.3 Application of Cable Communications Code.
Any Operator operating a Cable Communications System utilizing Streets or Public
Property in the City without a Franchise on the effective date of the Cable Communications
Code shall be subject to the provisions of the Cable Communications Code.
2.4 Termination of Authority.
Any Operator operating a Cabte Communications System utilizing Streets or Public
Property in the City without a Franchise on the effective date of the Cable Communications
Code may continue operating for only 90 days, unless a request is made of the City to issue a
Franchise. If an Operator requests a Franchise within that time, it may continue providing
service during the course of good faith negotiations with the City.
2.5 Sale or Transfer of Franchise.
(a) Restriction. Neither a Franchise nor a Franchise Agreement shall be sold, assigned
or transferred, either in whole or in part, or leased, sublet or licensed in any manner (each a
"Transfer"), without full compliance with the procedures set forth in the Cable Communications
Code or unless otherwise provided in a separate Franchise Agreement.
(b) Procedure. In addition to the requirements of the Act, the following procedures shall
be observed:
(1) Request in Writing. The parties to the proposed Transfer shall make a written
request of the City for its approval.
(2) Decision in Writing. The City shall reply in writing within 120 days of the
request indicating whether it grants or denies its approval. The City's approval
shall not be unreasonably withheld.
(3) Verification. Within 60 days after the completion of a sale or transfer of a
Franchise, an Operator shall submit to the Franchise Administrator a copy of the
deed, agreement, mortgage, lease or other written instrument evidencing the sale,
transfer of ownership, control or lease, certified and sworn to as correct by the
Operator.
(c) Inquiry into Qualifications. In reviewing a request for sale or transfer of a
Franchise, the City may inquire into the fmancial, technical, legal or other relevant qualifications
of the prospective transferee, and a current Operator shall promptly assist the City in any and
all inquiries.
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(d) Acceptance of Franchise Terms Required. In no event shall any transfer or assignment
of ownership or control be approved or effective without the transferee executing a document
accepting the terms and conditions of the applicable Franchise and Franchise Agreement.
ARTICLE 3. CONSTRUCTION A1~1D MAINTENANCE OF A CABLE
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
DIVISION 1. USE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY
3.1 Grant of Authority and Use of Public Property.
The scope of authority granted to an Operator to use Streets and other Public Property
shall be established in a Franchise Agreement.
3.2 Compliance with Zoning and Construction Codes.
An Operator shall comply with the terms of all applicable zoning ordinances, building
codes, and other regulations, now or hereafter existing, controlling the location or construction
of towers, poles, cables, amplifiers, conduits and other facilities owned, leased and otherwise
used by the Operator for its System, including but not limited to requirements to obtain
applicable permits and to pay applicable plan review, permit and/or inspection fees.
3.3 Franchise Nonexclusive.
An Operator's right to use and occupy Streets and other Public Property shall not be
exclusive.
3.4 Placement of Facilities.
All transmissions and distribution structures, lines and equipment erected by an Operator
within the City shall be so located as to cause minimum interference with the proper use of
Streets and other Public Property and to cause minimum interference with the rights and
reasonable convenience of property owners who join any of said Streets and/or other Public
Property .
The City has the right to regulate the erection, construction and/or installation of any and
all facilities by an Operator lying in, under and/or over any Public Property, including but not
limited to the right to require permits prior to excavation and maps showing where construction
or excavation is planned. The City may designate where an Operator may place its System
within the Streets and other Public Property.
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3.5 Relocation for Public Improvements.
(a) Request of the Ciry. Whenever because of public necessity or the welfare of the public
generally, the City elects to change or alter the grade of any Street or to sell or vacate any Street
or to construct or reconstruct any water lines, sanitary or storm sewers, watercourses, drainage
ditches, conduits, playgrounds, traffic control devices or to make, remove, maintain, repair or
replace any other public improvements, an Operator shall, temporarily or permanently, as the
case may be, after 30 days written request from the City, but in cases of emergency
immediately, raise, lower, remove, relay and/or relocate its poles, wires, cables, conduits and
other fixtures as requested, all at Operator's sole expense.
(b) Requests of Private Parties. Whenever an Operator is requested to raise, lower,
remove, relay and/or relocate the Operator's poles, wires, cables, conduits and other fixtures
by a private party, an Operator shall not unreasonably refuse to remove, relay or relocate those
facilities. The private party requesting the change shall bear the reasonable cost of removing,
relocating or relaying the Operator's facilities. An Operator may require the payment of a
reasonable predetermined cost for the requested action prior to commencing work.
DIVISION 2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
3.6 General Construction Practices.
All construction practices shall be in accordance with all applicable federal, state and
local laws, rules or regulations. All installation of electronic equipment shall be of a permanent
nature and durable. All electronic equipment installed after the date hereof shall be installed in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the City's Building and all other Codes.
3.7 Towers and Antennas.
Antenna supporting structures (towers) and antennas shall be designed, painted, lighted,
erected and maintained in accordance with all applicable rules and regulations of the Federal
Aviation Administration and all other applicable federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations.
3.8 General Operational Practices.
The construction, operation and maintenance of an Operator's System, including but not
limited to the antenna site, headend and distribution system, towers, house connections,
structures, poles, wire, cable, coaxial cable, fixtures and practices, shall be performed by
experienced maintenance and construction personnel. An Operator's System shall be kept in a
safe and suitable condition and in good order and repair, so as not to endanger or interfere with
improvements the City may deem necessary, or to interfere in any manner with the rights of any
property owner, or to unnecessarily hinder or obstruct pedestrian or vehicular traffic on Streets
or other Public Property.
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3.9 Safety.
An Operator shall at all times employ the standard of care attendant to the risks involved
and shall install and maintain in use commonly accepted methods and devices for preventing
failure and accidents which are likely to cause damage, injury or nuisance to the general public,
including public employees.
3.10 Rf Leakage.
An Operator shall perform Rf leakage monitoring and testing in accordance with FCC
rules and regulations. An Operator shall have the right to discontinue its service to any
Subscriber's premises where uncontrollable Rf radiation is originating from inside the premises;
provided that if Operator desires to discontinue service, Operator shall provide written notice
of discontinuance of service and specific information relating to the reason therefor to the
Subscriber.
3.11 Undergrounding.
In all areas of the City where the cables, wires and other facilities of public utilities exist
underground, or are required by the City to be placed underground, an Operator shall also place
its cables, wires or other facilities underground.
3.12 Pole Attachments.
An Operator shall not construct, erect, maintain or own any poles within the City unless
prior written approval is obtained from the City; such approval shall not be unreasonably
withheld upon a showing of need by an Operator provided Operator has complied with all
applicable laws, regulations and ordinances relating thereto. In all areas of the City where the
cables, wires and other facilities of an Operator are attached to any City-owned utility poles, an
Operator may maintain those attachments subject to the terms and conditions of its Franchise
Agreement with the City.
3.13 Disturbances.
In the case of any disturbance of a Street, other Public Property or any private property
caused by an Operator for any reason, including during the course of constructing, maintaining,
upgrading or removing its System, an Operator shall, at its own expense, replace and restore
all paving, sidewalk, driveway, landscaping, surface or other property of any such property
disturbed in as good condition as before the disturbance as is possible to the reasonable
satisfaction of the City.
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3.14 Authority to Trim Trees.
An Operator shall have authority, upon prior written notice to the City (except in the case
of emergency), to trim trees and shrubbery upon and overhanging Streets and other Public
Property so as to prevent the branches and foliage of such trees and shrubbery from coming in
contact and interfering with the wires, cables and other facilities of an Operator. All trimming
shall be done at the expense of the Operator, and the City reserves the right to supervise such
trimming.
3.15 Relocation of Facilities.
An Operator shall, upon the request of any applicant for a building moving permit to be
issued by the City, temporarily raise, lower, relay, relocate or remove its wires, cables and
other facilities to accommodate the moving of the building, as the Operator shall determine. The
reasonable expense of the temporary raising or lowering, relaying, relocation or removal of the
Operator's facilities shall be paid by the Person requesting the change, and the Operator shall
have the authority to establish the reasonable cost of such changes and require payment in
advance. The Operator shall be given no less than seven days advance notice to arrange for
temporary changes.
3.16 Performance Guidelines.
The following performance guidelines shall serve as the initial minimum guidelines for
the design, installation and operation of an Operator's System:
(1) Continuous Operation. The System shall be capable of continuous 24-hour daily
operation without severe material degradation of signal except during extremely
inclement weather, and immediately following extraordinary storms which
adversely affect utility services or which damage major System components.
(2) Variables for Operation. The System shall be capable of operating over an
outdoor temperature range of minus 20 degrees Fahrenheit to plus 120 degrees
Fahrenheit and over variation in supply voltages from 105 to 130 volts AC,
without catastrophic failure or irreversible performance changes.
(3) Specifications. The System shall be capable of meeting all specifications over an
outdoor temperature range of zero degrees Fahrenheit to plus 100 degrees
Fahrenheit and over variation in supply voltages from 105 to 130 volts AC.
(4) Lack of Interference. The System shall be operated in such a manner as to avoid
causing interference with the reception of off-the-air signals of a Subscriber.
(5) Picture and Sound Quality. The System shall be capable of producing a picture
on each Subscriber's television screen in black and white or color, depending
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upon whether color is being telecast and provided the Subscriber's television set
is capable of producing a color picture, that is materially undistorted and
materially free from ghost images other than those resulting from ingress which
can normally be expected from off-the-air signals, without material degradation
of color fidelity. The System shall produce sound that is materially undistorted
on any properly functioning receiver of a Subscriber.
(6) FCC Technical Standards. Should the FCC promulgate technical standards which
exceed the performance guidelines contained in the Cable Communications Code,
an Operator shall operate its System so that it meets or exceeds FCC standards.
3.17 Equipment for Hearing-Impaired Persons.
An Operator shall inform Subscribers, upon request, where they may obtain equipment
which facilitates the reception of Cable Service by hearing-impaired individuals, where such
properly encoded programming exists. If that equipment is not available from other sources, an
Operator shall make that equipment available for Subscribers for reasonable installation and
rental charges.
3.18 Performance Standards.
(a) Compliance with Technical Standards. All Cable Communications Systems shall be
designed and installed to operate according to the technical standards and all applicable rules and
regulations of the FCC, including all future amendments or standards required by the FCC.
(b) Report of Compliance. Upon request, an Operator shall provide to the City a copy
of its proof of performance test records that are maintained in accordance with the rules of the
FCC.
3.19 Test Procedures.
An Operator's methods and schedules for testing its System on an ongoing basis shall be
at least as stringent as those in other high-quality, reliable, modern Cable Communications
Systems of similar design. A summary of all ongoing tests shall be provided by the Operator for
the City's review, upon the City's request. When a Subscriber has complained to an Operator
directly, or through the City, about the technical quality of the service received by the
Subscriber, and that complaint remains unresolved for 30 days, the City may request the
performance by the Operator, at the Operator's cost, of reasonable tests in addition to those tests
performed by the Operator as part of its ongoing testing program, to measure the technical
quality of the System in the area of the complaint. Tests performed by the Operator in an effort
to resolve the Subscriber complaint need not be duplicated by the Operator.
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3.20 Emergencies.
Subject to applicable law, an Operator shall incorporate into its System the capability to
permit the City, in times of emergency, to override the audio portion of all Cable Service
Channels simultaneously. The Operator shall cooperate with the City in the use and operation
thereof. Additionally, if an emergency or disaster occurs, each Operator shall, upon request of
the City, make immediately available at no cost to the City for emergency use during the period
of such emergency or disaster access to the City's PEC channel(s).
3.21 Line Extension Policy.
An Operator shall construct and extend its System pursuant to the following requirements:
(1) Existing Subdivision or Other Developed Area. An Operator shall construct and
extend its System and make Cable Service available to every Residential Dwelling
Unit in any existing subdivision or other developed area within the City which is
unnerved by any Operator when there is a minimum occupied density of 35
Residential Dwelling Units per Street mile or 20 Residential Dwelling Units per
cable mile, as measured from the existing System.
(2) Developing Subdivision or Other Area. An Operator shall extend its System and
make Cable Service available to every Residential Dwelling Unit in any platted
phase of a developing subdivision or other area which is unnerved by any
Operator when there is a minimum occupied density of 35 Residential Dwelling
Units per Street mile or 20 Residential Dwelling Units per cable mile, according
to the overall System extension design necessary to make service available to the
platted phase, as measured from the existing System.
(3) Nonresidential Areas. An Operator shall extend its System and make Cable
Service available to every nonresidential building when the potential Subscriber
or Subscribers at that nonresidential building agree to pay for the labor costs
incurred and materials used in making the extension.
(4) Isolated Residents. An Operator shall extend its System and make Cable Service
available at the regular connection charge, regardless of the density requirements
in this section, to any isolated Resident requesting connection if the connection
to the isolated Resident requires no more than a standard 200 foot Drop line.
(5) Extensions from Other Systems. If there is an area within the City which is
unnerved by any Operator, and that area does not meet the density requirements
contained in the Cable Communications Code, an Operator shall extend Cable
Service to the Residents of that area from other Cable Communications Systems
operated by the Operator, if the extension is technically and economically
feasible. In that case, requirements in a Franchise Agreement for public,
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educational, and government Channels (if any) shall be waived by the City.
Furthermore, requirements relating to the physical and technical characteristics
and capabilities of the extension shall be controlled by the terns and conditions
of the Franchise granted by the jurisdiction from which the service is imported.
(6) Assistance by City. In all cases, an Operator may request the aid of the City, at
Operator's expense, to obtain information from the City to determine density
levels in unserved areas, the number of Residents committed to subscribe to the
service once available, the boundaries between residential areas, or any other
assistance which may facilitate extension and provision of Cable Service. When
the City is unable to provide assistance for any reason, such services shall be
obtained by the Operator at its own expense.
(7) Density Per Cable Mile. For the purposes of the Cable Communications Code,
density per cable mile shall be computed by dividing the number of Residential
Dwelling Units in an area by the length, in miles or fractions of miles, of the
total amount of aerial or underground cable necessary to make service available
to the Residential Dwelling Units in that area in accordance with the design
parameters of the Cable Communications System being constructed. The cable
length shall be measured from the nearest point of access to the existing System,
provided that such access is technically feasible, and located within the Streets,
other Public Property, or private easements or rights-of-way the Operator is
entitled to use. The total cable length shall exclude the length of the Drop
necessary to serve individual Subscriber premises.
3.22 Low Density Service.
For the purpose of providing Cable Service to Residents on an accelerated basis, the
City, through its Franchise Administrator, and an Operator may mutually agree to any other
alternative methods of extending Cable Service into areas of the City where the minimum
occupied density is less than the requirements of the Cable Communications Code.
3.23 Interconnection.
Provided there is no decrease in the technical quality of service provided to Subscribers
in the City and such interconnection has no effect on the City's rights under the Cable
Communications Code or any Franchise Agreement, a System may be interconnected with other
Cable Communications Systems of the Operator or other Operators.
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ARTICLE 4. OPERATION A.~iD MAINTENANCE PROVISIONS
4.1 Company Office.
An Operator shall maintain an office in the greater Kansas City metropolitan area open
during all normal business hours. The portion of the office open to the public shall comply with
the terms of the federal Americans with Disabilities Act.
4.2 Telephone Access.
An Operator shall establish and maintain at least one publicly listed telephone number
where Subscribers may register service complaints, request service and conduct other business.
Any telephone used to receive Subscriber complaints and requests for repairs shall be operated
24 hours a day, seven days a week. Telephone equipment shall be available to permit Persons
with hearing impairments to communicate with the Operator.
4.3 Policies and Practices.
An Operator shall have authority to promulgate, consistent with the terms of the Cable
Communications Code and its Franchise Agreement, the Act, and any other applicable federal,
state or local laws, such rules, regulations, policies, prices and Subscriber practices as are
reasonably necessary for its business, including installation and disconnection policies, delinquent
accounts collection procedures and late penalty charges. All financial reports prepared by an
Operator and all records maintained by an Operator in connection with the Franchise fees shall
be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent
and fair basis.
4.4 Refunds to Subscribers.
If any Subscriber terminates any monthly Cable Service prior to the end of a prepaid
period for any reason, a prorated portion of any prepaid Subscriber service fee, using the
number of days within the billing period as a basis, shall be credited to the Subscriber's account
by the Operator, and refunded to the Subscriber upon settlement of all outstanding obligations.
4.5 Customer Service Standards.
Unless otherwise provided by ordinance, or by separate Franchise Agreement, FCC
customer service standards, as they now exist or may be amended, are adopted and shall apply
to an Operator's Subscribers. Acceptance of a Franchise Agreement by an Operator shall
constitute any notice required by the FCC of the City's intent to enforce FCC customer service
standards.
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4.6 Maintenance and Complaints.
(a) Dury to Provide Efftcient Service. An Operator shall render efficient service, make
repairs promptly and in a workmanlike manner, and interrupt service only for good cause and
for the shortest time possible.
(b) Regular O„~ice Hours. An Operator's office staff will maintain regular office hours
from Monday through Friday. Complaints concerning billing, employee courtesy, programming,
safety, the Operator's operational policies, or any other matter raised by a Resident, shall be
handled during those hours.
(c) Repair Force. An Operator shall maintain a sufficient repair force of technicians to
respond to Subscriber complaints, loss of service, or requests for service.
(d) Resolution of Complaints. An Operator shall use its best efforts to resolve all
complaints as soon as practicable and in all events within seven days from the date of the initial
complaint, to the extent reasonably possible.
(e) Prorated Billing Credit for Service Interruption. Upon request, a Subscriber's account
shall be credited the amount of one-day charge (1/30 of the total monthly charges) for the
service if the Subscriber is without Cable Service for any reason, except Subscriber-inflicted
damages to the Operator's equipment, for a period exceeding four hours within a calendar day.
An Operator shall provide written notice to its Subscribers of this right at least annually.
(f) Complaints Received by the City. All Subscribers and Residents may direct complaints
and inquiries regarding an Operator's service or performance to the City. Such complaints and
inquiries will be promptly submitted to the Operator. If, in the sole discretion of the Franchise
Administrator, it is concluded that the Operator may not have attempted to resolve a dispute to
the reasonable satisfaction of the Person initiating a complaint, and if the complaint remains
unresolved, the City may conduct public hearings regarding the complaint. If a hearing is
conducted, all parties to the dispute shall be invited to participate. A record shall be maintained
of the hearing.
(g) Reports. An Operator shall, upon written request of the City from time to time, in
response to Subscriber inquiries, complaints or disputes, provide to the City a report of
complaint information, including the Operator's responses, on any individual Subscriber. The
report shall include at least the following: (1) nature of the complaint; (2) actions taken to
resolve the complaint; (3) whether the complaint was resolved, and if it was, the length of time
taken to resolve the complaint; (4) if the complaint was not resolved, whether it is anticipated
that the complaint will be resolved; and (5) if it is not anticipated that the complaint will be
resolved, an explanation for that conclusion. Nothing in this section shall be construed to require
the Operator to provide information it reasonably believes to be in violation of the privacy
provisions contained in the Act or other applicable law.
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4.7 Additional Duty to Remove Property.
The City may require an Operator to remove and thereupon such Operator shall promptly
remove any above-ground portion of the System if such Operator ceases to use that part of the
System in the City for a continuous period of twelve (12) months.
4.8 Maps.
Each Operator shall maintain true and accurate maps or plats of all existing and proposed
installations upon the Streets and Public Property and copies of such shall be submitted to the
City upon request by the City. These maps and plats shall conform to the requirements of the
City and shall be kept continuously current.
4.9 Equal Employment Opportunity.
An Operator shall comply with all federal, state and local laws applicable to contractors
and Franchise holders doing business with the City concerning equal employment opportunity
practices.
4.10 ding Communications with Regulatory Agencies.
Upon the written request of the City or an Operator during a calendar year, copies of all
petitions, applications and communications submitted during that year by an Operator or the City
to the Federal Communications Commission, or any other federal or state regulatory agency
having jurisdiction in respect to any matter directly affecting cable television operations, if not
otherwise provided to the other party, addressing matters of technical conditions of the cable
communications system, consumer protection or consumer relations matters, shall also be
submitted to the other party simultaneously with the filing with the government agency. In
addition, copies of all responses from the regulatory agencies to the party submitting the
documents shall be furnished to the other party.
4.11 Annual Report.
Within 90 days after the close of its fiscal year, an Operator shall submit to the City a
written annual report, in a form approved by the Franchise Administrator, which shall contain
at least the following information:
(1) Review of System Development. A summary of the previous year's activities in
the development of the System in the City, including, but not limited to,
additions, deletions or improvements begun or discontinued during the reporting
year, and a summary of the type and number of Subscribers of each type, and
Subscribers gained or lost.
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(2) Financial Information. An annual audited fmancial statement prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting practices; provided, however, if
audited fmancial statements are being prepared but are not yet available, Operator
shall submit a balance sheet and income statement and shall submit the audited
information as soon as reasonably possible thereafter. This information shall be
in addition to that required to establish the Operator's Gross Revenues, for
purposes of establishing the required franchise fee payable to the City.
(3) Summary of Complaints/Compliance with Customer Service Standards. A
summary of any written complaints received from Cable Service Subscribers
concerning the operation of the System, and information verifying compliance
with the FCC customer service standards and any locally imposed customer
service standards. It is understood that reporting by an Operator of compliance
may, if the Operator does not possess technology which can reasonably report
compliance by jurisdiction serviced by the Operator, be done on a unified basis
by the Operator.
(4) Other Required Information. Unless directed otherwise by a separate Franchise
Agreement, all reports, records, maps and other information required by the
Cable Communications Code or a separate Franchise Agreement to be submitted
to the City, but for which no specific time for submission is provided, shall be
included in the annual report.
ARTICLE 5. PROGRAMNIING AND OTHER SERVICES
5.1 Broad Categories of Programming.
An Operator shall offer to Cable Service Subscribers a variety of programs generally
available to Cable Communications Systems, designed to reflect the interests of the Residents
and which shall be consistent with the programming provided to the Operator's customers in
Kansas City, Missouri. It is recognized that programming may be affected by Channel capacity,
programming availability, interests of Subscribers, and other circumstances.
5.2 Public, Educational, and Government (PEG) Channels.
Any requirements for the provision and support of public, educational and government
access Channels shall be established in a separate Franchise Agreement.
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ARTICLE 6. FINANCIAL
6.1 Regulation of Rates.
The City reserves the right to exercise its authority under the Act to regulate the rates
charged by Operators for Basic Service and affiliated equipment. Should the Act be amended,
or implementing regulations or other rules or decisions modify the authority of the City to
regulate rates, the City shall retain the greatest discretion permissible to consider implementing
federal or state law in this area.
6.2 FCC Submissions.
Should the City elect to regulate rates, it shall provide copies of its submissions to the
FCC to the Operator at the time it submits the information to the FCC.
6.3 Franchise Fee.
(a) Use of Streets/Cost of Regulation. In consideration of the rights, powers, privileges,
permission and authority granted to an Operator for use of the City's Streets and other Public
Property, an Operator shall pay to the City an amount equal to five percent of its Gross
Revenues. This amount represents compensation for the use of the Streets and other Public
Property by an Operator. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Operator is providing Additional
Services over the System in the City, and another Person is providing those Additional Services
over the System in the City using Public Property and is the Dominant Provider of those
Additional Services in the City, then with respect to those Additional Services the Operator shall
pay a franchise fee in an amount equal to the franchise fee paid by Dominant Provider with
respect to those Additional Services.
(b) Payment of Fee. Except as otherwise provided, payment of annual Franchise fees
shall be in lieu of all pole attachment charges imposed by the City in connection with the
operation of the System.
(c) Taxes of General Applicability. Imposition of a Franchise fee does not prohibit the
City from imposing on Operators, as part of a group of businesses or activities, any tax, fee or
assessment of general applicability (including any such tax, fee, or assessment imposed on both
utilities and Operators or their services, but not including a tax, fee or assessment which is
unduly discriminatory against Operators or Subscribers).
(d) Payment Time and Method. Franchise fee payments shall be made quarterly as
follows: for the quarter ending December 31, the payment shall be made by the following
January 31; for the quarter ending March 31, the payment shall be made by the following April
30; for the quarter ending June 30, the payment shall be made by the following July 31; and for
the quarter ending September 30, the payment shall be made by the following October 31. Each
payment shall be accompanied by a statement of Gross Revenues received for the quarter in
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connection with the operation of the System in the City, and a report showing the computation
of the fees in a form prescribed by the Franchise Administrator.
(e) Acceptance of Payment not Accord or Release. No acceptance of any payment shall
be construed as an accord that the amount paid is in fact the correct amount, nor shall
acceptance of payment be construed as a release of any claim the City may have for further or
additional sums payable under the provisions of the Cable Communications Code or a separate
Franchise Agreement. All amounts paid by an Operator shall be subject to audit by the City.
(f) Late Payment. In the event that any Franchise fee payment is not made on or before
the applicable due date, an Operator shall pay interest, computed from the due date, at the
annual rate equal to the prime rate in effect on the due date plus two percentage points. The
prime rate will be the commercial prime interest rate charged by the Bank of New York, or its
successor.
(g) Early Termination of Franchise. In the event a Franchise is terminated for any reason
before its normal termination date, an Operator shall immediately submit to the City a financial
statement prepared in accordance with the terms of this section showing the Operator's Gross
Revenues for the time elapsed since the last period for which the Operator has paid franchise
fees to the City. An Operator shall pay the required franchise fees to the City not later than 30
days following termination of a Franchise.
(h) Amendment of the Act.
(1) Specific Federal Limit. Should the Act be amended by changing the authorized
maximum amount for a Franchise fee which may be imposed by the City to a
different specific percentage or amount, the City may, by ordinance, modify this
section to increase the Franchise fee to that percentage or amount reflected in the
amendment of the Act without the consent of the Operator.
(2) Removal of Federal Limit. Should the Act be amended by removing any cap on
the authorized maximum amount for a franchise fee which may be imposed by
the City, the City may increase the franchise fee to an amount that shall not
exceed seven percent (7~) of Gross Revenues.
(3) Removal of Franchise Fee. Should the Act be amended or any other law enacted
to prohibit the imposition of a franchise fee, each Operator will pay to the City
an amount equal to the franchise fee for and in consideration of any right to use
Public Property.
(i) Approval of Franchise Fee Pass-Through. To the extent applicable law expressly
provides for the Operator to pass through any portion of a franchise fee to its subscribers and
City's approval is required under applicable law for such Operator to pass through such portion
of a Franchise fee to its Subscribers, an Operator shall not be required to pay that portion of any
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Franchise fee to the City until that approval has been granted and has become effective;
provided, the Operator diligently pursues such approval.
6.4 Audits.
The City may arrange for and conduct audits of the necessary fmancial records of an
Operator for the purpose of verifying franchise fees. Audits may be conducted by any Person
designated by the Franchise Administrator. The City shall notify an Operator at least seven days
prior to the date it will begin reviewing the Operator's records. At that time the City will, to the
best of its ability, describe the records and documents it wants to review, and the Operator shall
make such of its books and records as may be relevant to the determination of Gross Revenues
and franchise fees due available for inspection. For any record requested, but not disclosed by
the Operator, the City shall be given a written explanation of why the Operator contends the
record is not relevant. If requested, an Operator shall provide a copy of the written procedures
used by the Operator to calculate the franchise fee base and payment to the City. An Operator's
records shall be reviewed during normal business hours at a convenient time and place made
available by the Operator.
6.5 Liability Insurance.
(a) Insurance Required. Every Operator shall maintain, throughout the term of its
Franchise, liability insurance from a company approved by the City insuring the Operator and
the City against all damages described in section 6.7, in the minimum amounts of:
$1,000,000.00 for property damage to any one Person;
$2,000,000.00 for property damage in any one accident;
$1,000,000.00 for Personal bodily injury or death to any one Person or individual; and
$2,000,000.00 for Personal bodily injury or death in any one accident.
Should the general assembly or the courts of the state modify the rule of sovereign immunity as
it exists on the effective date of the Cable Communications Code, by increasing the potential
liability of the City beyond these amounts, upon notice from the City, Operators will provide
liability insurance which will meet or exceed those new amounts.
(b) Certificate of Insurance. Every Operator shall submit a certificate of insurance to the
City confirming that a satisfactory policy is in effect, which policy shall be renewed on its
anniversary throughout the term of the Operator's Franchise. All of the foregoing insurance
contracts shall be in form satisfactory to the City's Attorney, with deductibles reasonably
acceptable to the City, and shall be issued and maintained with companies acceptable to the City.
Each policy shall require thirty (30) days written notice of any cancellation to both the City and
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Operations. The approval of the City or City Attorney to the form of insurance contract and the
insurance company providing coverage shall not be unreasonably withheld.
6.6 Liquidated Damages.
Liquidated damages for nonperformance of the following items during the construction
of a System or the upgrade of a System shall be chazgeable as follows:
(1) For failure to submit required plans regarding the construction of a System or the
upgrade, per day .... $100.00
(2) For failure to commence the constriction of a System or the upgrade of a System
in accordance with the requirements of the Cable Communications Code or a
separate Franchise Agreement, per day .... $100.00
(3) For failure to complete the construction of a System or the upgrade of a System
in accordance with the requirements of the Cable Communications Code or a
separate Franchise Agreement, per day .... $1,000.00
6.7 Indemnification and Damages.
(a) Indemnification of City and City Officials. Every Operator shall, at its sole expense,
fully indemnify, defend and hold harmless the City, members of the Boazd (including the
mayor), and all other officials, employees, and agents of the City, when acting in their capacity
as municipal officials, employees, or agents, from and against the following claims, suits,
actions, liability and judgments:
(1) Damage to Persons or Property. For actual or alleged injury to Persons or
damage to property, including loss of use of property due to an occurrence,
whether or not such property is physically damaged or destroyed, in any way
arising out of or through, or alleged to arise out of or through, any act or
omission of the Operator or its officers, agents, employees, or contractors;
(2) Violation or Rights or Interests. Arising out of or alleged to arise out of any
claim for damages, with respect to the Operator's operation of a its System, for
invasion of the right of privacy, defamation of any Person, or the violation or
infringement of any copyright, trademark, trade name, service mark or patent,
or any other right of any Person, but the Operator shall have no duty to
indemnify the City against any claims arising from the operation of any Channel
by the City; or
(3) Statutory Violations. Arising out of or alleged to arise out of the Operator's
failure to comply with the provisions any statute, regulation or ordinance of the
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United States, State of Missouri, the City, or any local agency, applicable to the
Operator in its business.
(b) Defense of Actions. Nothing herein shall be deemed to prevent the parties indemnified
and held harmless herein from participating in the defense of any litigation by their own counsel
at their sole expense. Such participation shall not under any circumstances relieve the Operator
from its duty of defending against liability or paying any judgement entered against such party.
(c) City's Wild Misconduct. Operator shall provide a defense for the City in any
action, suit or proceeding alleging the City has engaged in willful misconduct or criminal acts;
provided, however, that notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Section,
the City shall not be indemnified nor reimbursed in relation to any matter in said action, suit or
proceeding where the City is so found, pursuant to a fmal nonappealable order of a court of
competent jurisdiction, to have engaged in willful misconduct or criminal misconduct or criminal
acts, and thereupon the Operator shall be reimbursed by the City for all reasonable amounts paid
and expenses incurred by Operator in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, including
reasonable attorney's fees.
ARTICLE 7. VIOLATIONS AND REMEDIES
7.1 Procedure for Correcting FYanchise Violations.
(a) Notice of Violation. Should the City determine that an Operator has violated one or
more terms, conditions or provisions of the Cable Communications Code or a separate Franchise
Agreement, a written notice shall be given to the Operator informing it of such alleged violation.
The Operator shall have 14 days subsequent to receipt of the notice in which to inform the City
in writing of the action the Operator will take to correct the violation and to begin corrective
action. Such corrective action shall be completed within 30 days of the date the notice was given
by the City, unless the Operator's notice shows that the corrective action cannot be completed
within 30 days with the exercise of all due speed and diligence and such notice contains a
proposed timetable for completion of the corrective action, in which case the City shall authorize
a reasonable extension of time where extension can result in correction of the deficiency;
provided, however, that the City is not required to grant an extension in the case of recurring
defaults of the same character. If [he Operator disputes that a violation or failure has occurred,
it shall give written notice of the dispute to the City within 14 days of the date the notice of
violation was given by the City. Such notice of dispute shall specify with particularity the matter
disputed by the Operator. The notice of dispute shall, pursuant to the procedure set forth below,
stay the running of any performance or corrective deadlines pertaining to the matter in dispute,
and stay any other action the City may be permitted to take under the ordinance, a separate
Franchise Agreement, or applicable law with respect to the disputed matter.
(b) Dispute Resolution. The Franchise Administrator shall consider the Operator's
dispute within 30 days after receipt of the Operator's notice of dispute. The Franchise
Administrator shall provide written findings of fact and appropriate conclusions. Consideration
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shall be given to the matters described in the Operator's notification of dispute in a public
hearing.
(c) Request for Board Hearing. If the Franchise Administrator determines that a
violation has not occurred, the City may, within fourteen (14) days from the date of such
decision, request, in writing, a hearing before the Board. If the Franchise Administrator
determines that a violation has occurred, Operator shall have fourteen (14) days from the date
of decision to begin correction of the violation or request in writing a hearing before the Board.
Operator's request for a hearing before the Board shall stay the running of any performance or
corrective deadlines pertaining solely to the disputed matter.
(d) Board Hearing. The Board shall hear the disputed matter at a regularly scheduled
or specially called meeting, within twenty (20) days after receiving the City's or Operator's
request for a hearing. City and Operator may present evidence in the hearing and call witnesses
for specific testimony. The Board shall decide the matter within seven (7) days of the hearing
and written findings of fact shall accompany its decision.
(e) Correction/Appeal. If the Board determines that a violation has occurred,
Operator shall have fourteen (14) days from receipt of written notice of the Board's decision to
give written notice to the City of the corrective action Operator will take and begin said
corrective action. Such corrective action shall be accomplished within thirty (30) days of the
date of the decision. If, however, Operator intends to appeal the Board's decision, or offer to
submit the matter to the arbitration of disinterested parties, such notice of intent to appeal or
arbitrate shall be presented to the City in writing within fourteen (14) days of the date of the
Board's decision.
(f) Penalty. If an Operator does not dispute that a violation has occurred, or elects
not to appeal a decision upholding a disputed claim by either the Franchise Administrator or the
Board, and subsequently fails to begin corrective action within the fourteen (14) day period as
required, and/or fails to notify the City of the corrective action to be taken within the fourteen
(14) days period as required, or fails to correct the violation within thirty (30) days of the date
of the decision, the City shall then have the option of charging Operator with a penalty in the
amount of $100.00 per twenty-four (24) hour day for every day the violation remains
uncorrected, from the date the Operator receives a written notice from the Franchise
Administrator that the penalty will be levied.
7.2 Revocation and Removal.
(a) Revocation for Cause. In addition to all other rights, powers and remedies
available to the City, then following compliance with the applicable procedures of section 7.1,
the City shall have the additional, separate and distinct right to revoke a Franchise and all the
rights, authority, power, privileges and permissions granted the Operator by the Cable
Communications Code and a separate Franchise Agreement, as a result of and in response to,
any of the following events or reasons:
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(1) Fraud. The Operator commits an act of fraud, as determined by a court of
competent jurisdiction, against the City in obtaining its Franchise, or upon being
granted the continuation of the Franchise commits such an act against the City;•
or
(2) Failure to Correct Defect. The Operator fails to (i) pay the Franchise fee within
five (5) days following; or (ii) substantially correct a material violation of the
Cable Communications Code within 30 days following: (a) written demand by the
City to effect such compliance, unless such decision is stayed by a court of
competent jurisdiction or agreed to by the City; or (b) a final decision of a panel
of arbitrators, if used by the City and the Operator, or a court of competent
jurisdiction reviewing the disputed matter.
(3) Bankruptcy. An Operator is adjudged to be bankrupt. However, should the City
be prohibited from revoking the Franchise due to an Operator's bankruptcy, the
Operator agrees, as a means of assuring future payments of the Franchise fee
payable under its Franchise Agreement and assuring future compliance with all
other requirements of its Franchise Agreement, to provide to the City within 30
days of an order of a court of competent jurisdiction adjudging the Operator to
be bankrupt, and entitled to the protection of state or federal bankruptcy laws, a
bond in the amount of the Franchise fees paid by the Operator to the City the
previous year.
(b) Revocation by Ordinance. Revocation of a Franchise shall be accomplished by
passage of an ordinance. An ordinance revoking a Franchise shall include the reason for the
revocation, and a listing of facts found, and conclusions made, by the Board to justify
revocation. The effective date of the revocation shall be stated in the Cable Communications
Code. An ordinance revoking a Franchise shall not be passed without 30 days written notice to
the Operator that an ordinance to revoke its Franchise will be considered by the Board. An
Operator shall retain the privilege to be heard by the Board or any Board committee regarding
the proposed revocation ordinance. An Operator may request a review of the revocation findings
and conclusions pursuant to any applicable law.
(c) Continuance of Service after Revocation. The City may require an Operator to
continue operating its System after revocation until such time as operation of the System can be
transferred to a new owner or the City exercises its rights under the Cable Communications
Code.
(d) Removal after Revocation.
(1) Procedure. Upon revocation of a Franchise and after a review of the revocation
findings and conclusions by a court of competent jurisdiction, if such review is
sought by an Operator, the City may require the Operator to remove, at the
Operator's expense, any above-ground portion of its System from any Street or
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other Public Property. In removing its System, an Operator shall refill and
compact, at its own expense, any excavation that shall be made, and shall leave
all Streets and other Public Property, and private property, in as good a condition
as that prevailing prior to the Operator's removal of its System, and without
affecting, altering or disturbing in any way electric, telephone, gas, steam, or
water utilities or other Operators' cables, wires or attachments. The insurance,
indemnity and damage provisions of the Cable Communications Code or separate
Franchise Agreement shall remain in full force and effect during the entire term
of removal.
(2) Failure to Remove System. If an Operator fails to commence removal of its
System, or such part as was designated, in accordance with the Cable
Communications Code, within 180 days after written notice of the City's demand
for removal is given, or if the Operator fails to complete such removal within one
year after removal has begun, the City shall have the right to exercise one of the
following options:
(a) Assumption of Ownership. Declare all right, title and interest to the
System to be in the City or its designee with all right of ownership
including, but not limited to, the right to operate the System or transfer
the System to another for operation.
(b) Abandonment of System. Declare the System abandoned and cause the
above-ground portion of the System, or such part as the City may
designate, to be removed at no cost to City. The cost of the removal shall
be recoverable pursuant to the insurance and indemnity provisions of the
Cable Communications Code or a separate Franchise Agreement, or from
the Operator directly.
ARTICLE 8. MISCELLANEOUS
8.1 Time is of the Essence.
Whenever the Cable Communications Code or a separate Franchise Agreement sets forth
any time for any action to be performed by, or on behalf of, the Operator, such time shall be
deemed of the essence.
8.2 Access to Records.
In addition to access to the records of an Operator for fmancial audits, an Operator shall
provide reasonable access to records necessary to verify compliance with the terms of the Cable
Communications Code and any Franchise Agreement.
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8.3 Nonenforcement by City.
An Operator shall not be relieved of its obligation to comply with any of the provisions
of the Cable Communications Code or a separate Franchise Agreement by reason of any failure
of the City to enforce prompt compliance.
8.4 Severability.
Each provision of the Cable Communications Code or a separate Franchise Agreement
shall be considered a separate, distinct and independent part of the Cable Communications Code
or separate Franchise Agreement. If any provision of the Cable Communications Code or a
separate Franchise Agreement is held by a court or by any federal or state agency to be invalid
as conflicting with any federal or state law, rule or regulation now or hereafter in effect, or is
held by such court or agency to be modified in any way in order to conform to the requirements
of any such law, rule or regulation, the conflicting provision shall be considered to be a
separate, distinct and independent part of the Cable Communications Code or separate Franchise
Agreement, and such holding shall not affect the validity and enforceability of any other
provision of the Cable Communications Code or separate Franchise Agreement.
8.5 Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations. An Operator shall conform with all
federal and state laws and rules regarding cable communications pursuant to the effective date
of such laws or rules. An Operator shall also conform with all City ordinances, rules and
regulations heretofore or hereafter adopted or established during the term of its Franchise.
8.6 Titles.
Titles to sections and subsections of the Cable Communications Code and any separate
Franchise Agreement are provided for ease of locating information within the Cable
Communications Code or separate Franchise Agreement. A title shall not be deemed to change
or alter the meaning of any section or subsection. 'The language of each section and subsection
shall control its interpretation.
8.7 Conflicting Provisions.
Specific provisions of the Cable Communications Code or any separate Franchise
Agreement in conflict with any ordinance, or part of any ordinance of a general nature, shall
apply.
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